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What is PCA?

Posterior Cortical Atrophy, or PCA, is a cruel and unusual form of dementia because it doesn't rob you of your memories first — it takes your sight. Not your eyesight exactly, but your brain's ability to make sense of what your eyes are seeing. So imagine looking at a page and not being able to read it, or walking into a familiar room and struggling to navigate around it, or misjudging distances so badly that everyday tasks become frightening. That's what PCA does to people.

It tends to strike earlier than most people expect dementia to — often in your 50s or early 60s, which makes it all the more devastating. Because the symptoms look like eye problems, people often end up at the optician rather than a neurologist, sometimes even having unnecessary eye surgery before anyone realises what's actually going on.

Over time, as the damage spreads through the brain, more recognisable Alzheimer's symptoms like memory loss can set in too — so sufferers can end up dealing with the full weight of dementia on top of everything else. There's no cure, and treatment options are limited. 

Tracey.webp

Tracey, a former nurse from Folkestone, Kent, was diagnosed with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) in December 2015 at the age of 45, after a long struggle to get anyone to take her symptoms seriously. Her difficulties began when she started forgetting how to spell words, write numbers, and carry out nursing tasks, eventually leading to a serious fall in 2015. Despite initial tests coming back clear and being misdiagnosed with depression, she was eventually referred to a memory clinic and received her diagnosis. Rather than letting the condition define her, Tracey retired from nursing in 2016 and embraced new hobbies including macramé, loom knitting, writing poetry, and keeping a blog. She has also experienced a stroke (2017) and a mini-stroke (2018), but continues to live with remarkable positivity, guided by four principles: learn to adapt, don't stress over things you can't control, remember tomorrow will be better after a bad day, and always keep a sense of humour. Tracey is active as a dementia envoy for her local mental health trust and is a passionate advocate, encouraging others never to give up.

Martin.webp

Martin, who lives in Scotland, was diagnosed with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) — a form of young onset dementia — after a lengthy and difficult journey to get answers. His symptoms began around 2015, when he was experiencing one-sided headaches and difficulties driving, and he spent a year seeing a consultant before being initially told he might have frontotemporal dementia. An MRI scan showed nothing wrong, and he was told to stop working but given little further support. After moving to Scotland, a neurologist recognised that something was wrong, and he was eventually given a proper, informed diagnosis, which Martin describes as a relief. He approaches his condition with a positive outlook, famously saying "I have dementia, but it doesn't have me," and considers himself fortunate that his dementia was identified at a relatively early stage. Martin has thrown himself into advocacy work, writing a booklet about working after a dementia diagnosis, contributing to Scottish dementia initiatives, and campaigning passionately for earlier diagnosis of young onset dementia — particularly highlighting how the condition can be misidentified as depression or menopause. He finds writing cathartic and continues to be an active voice in the dementia community.

Fiona Phillips_hero.jpg

Fiona Phillips (born 1961) is a British journalist and TV presenter best known for anchoring ITV's GMTV breakfast show from 1997 to 2008, becoming one of the most familiar faces in British morning television. After a career that also included Loose Women, Strictly Come Dancing, and various BBC One programmes, she was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease in 2022 at the age of 61 — a condition that had already claimed both of her parents. She initially mistook her symptoms for menopause, and went public with the diagnosis in July 2023. Her husband, TV executive Martin Frizell, stepped down as editor of This Morning in early 2025 to care for her full-time, and the two co-authored a memoir, *Remember When: My Life with Alzheimer's*, published in July 2025, documenting her experience of the disease and advocating for greater support for dementia patients and their carers.

Understanding Dementia and Alzheimer's

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